The diagram below shows how oil is extracted in the production of perfume.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.
Report Plan:
• Paraphrase paragraph: shows>illustrates; how oil is extracted> the process of
extracting oil; production>manufacture.
• Overview/summary paragraph: (1) the number of stages (2) report the first and
last stages
• Paragraph 3: report on stages 1-5
• Paragraph 4: report on stages 6-10
Report:
The diagram illustrates the process of extracting oil in the manufacture of perfume.
Overall, there are ten stages in this process, beginning with the generation of heat and
ending with the production of hydrolat (aromatic water).
In the first two stages, a cylinder of water is brought to boiling point when the water is
heated. The resulting steam is then passed through a pipe to another cylinder. Next, this
steam passes through aromatic plants located in this second cylinder. After the steam passes through, a mixture of steam and oil vapour rises to the top of this cylinder.
At stage six, the mixture of steam and vapour is passed through a third cylinder, in which a
coil is immersed in cold water, allowing the mixture to condense. Hot water is extracted
through an outlet pipe during this condensation stage, shown as stage seven in the diagram.
Then, water mixed with essential oil passes to a separator. The oil remains on the surface
while, finally, aromatic water is drained from the separator through another pipe.
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